Every Dog Needs a Home foverer

I was amazed by this dog Rex because he was very gentle around my dogs when he came to visit me. They seemed to get along very well. I wanted to know more about the Shiba Inu. I had to investigate a little bit more about this breed of dog. I asked my brother because he owns 2 of them. I wondered why he was always getting over the fence. Also I wondered why he would run away when he was called to come home? I found out that a Shiba Inu will dart out if given half a chance. This is a dog breed that is very attached to his human family members and can't stand being isolated from them. To think of keeping a Shiba in the backyard or in the garage is a mistake because that bold, bright natured dog will create loud noise and be destructive in that situation. He will be charming and affectionate around his human family, but has a sense of humor about him when it comes to human commands. A Shiba Inu is very challenging to raise and train. A high-spirited, an independent spirit, has to alway...

Overpaying for Prescription Drugs: The Copay Clawback Phenomenon


Prescription drug overpayments (also known as “clawbacks”) occur when commercially insured patients’ copayments exceed the total cost of the drug to their insurer or pharmacy benefit manager. While the practice has been acknowledged and discussed in the media, it has never been quantified in large samples.

In 2013, almost one quarter of filled pharmacy prescriptions (23%) involved a patient copayment that exceeded the average reimbursement paid by the insurer by more than $2.00. Among these overpayment claims, the average overpayment is $7.69.

Overpayments are more likely on claims for generic versus brand drugs (28% vs. 6%), but the average size of the overpayment on generic claims is smaller ($7.32 vs. $13.46). In 2013, total overpayments amounted to $135 million in our sample, or $10.51 per covered life.

With over 200 million Americans commercially insured in 2013, these findings suggest the practice of overpayments may account for a non-negligible share of overall drug spending and patient out-of-pocket costs.

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